Introduction
HAT-P-32 b is positioned at (J2000) R.A. = 02h04m10s.24, De. = + 46°41'16".8, in Andromeda, the host of which has 11.29 Vmag. According to the Exoplanet Transit Database (ETD), the transit leads to a decrease in brightness of its star seen from the earth is 0.0215 mag, and the duration is about 186.5-min.
It was the first time that Xingming Observatory C42 and I have ever achieved the success of transiting exoplanet observations with the equipment combination 14" SCT f/6.9 + QHY9 CCD.
Overall 750 individual images with an exposure of 5s were remotely taken by Xing Gao, from Urumqi, China at predawn on Aug 08 local time, which were later callibrated with bias, dark, and flat frames by me. Subsequently I sort these images into quituplets and the last four images formed a quardruplet, which were stacked in Astrometrica by means of median. The outcome images were fed into MPO Canopus to measure the brightness variation.
Here comes the data:
TARGET: HAT-P-32 b
DATE/TIME: 2011 Sep 02 @ 18:13
FILTER: C
TELESCOPE: SCT 0.36m f/6.9
FOCAL LENGTH: 97.40
CAMERA: QHY9 CCD
TEMP (C): -26
EXPOSURE (s): 35
EXPOSURE JD: Mid-exposure
JD CORR METHOD: Light-time
JD CORRECTION: JD = JD(raw) - 0.00000d
UNITY CORR: -5 * log(SunDist * EarthDist): N/A (Sun and/or Earth distance not computed)
NOTE: The unity correction is NOT included in the reduced magnitudes.
MAG. METHOD: Instrumental
NOTE: For multiple sessions, differential magnitudes include
adjustments ADDED to the Obj-CAvg value to compensate
for changing phase angle, distance, and refinements to
the base average value of the comparison stars.
The phase angle calculations include the effects of
the phase parameter, G. This value is taken from the
MPCORB value at the time the calculations were made.
BASE COMP VALUE: -10.142
BASE CORRECTION: +0.000
PHASE/DIST CORR: +0.000
P/D ADJUST (-/DAY):+0.000
P/D ADJUST (+/DAY):+0.000
THE P/D ADJUSTMENTS ARE NOT INCLUDED IN THE VALUES BELOW.
ERROR CALC: The magnitude error is calculated by the following:
Err = sqrt(sqr(ERR[target]) + sqr(Err[Comps]))
where Err[Target] = 1.0857/SNR[target]
Err[Comps] = sqrt(sqr(1.0857/SNR[Comp1])... + sqr(1.0857/SNR[CompN])) / N
The factor of 1.0857 converts flux to magnitudes (Howell)
*********************************************************************************************
---------------------------------
J.D. Obj-CAvg Err
---------------------------------
2455807.19630 -1.089 0.001
2455807.19719 -1.098 0.001
2455807.19805 -1.091 0.001
2455807.19888 -1.088 0.001
2455807.19970 -1.102 0.001
2455807.20052 -1.095 0.001
2455807.20134 -1.085 0.001
2455807.20216 -1.091 0.001
2455807.20297 -1.083 0.001
2455807.20380 -1.098 0.001
2455807.20461 -1.107 0.001
2455807.20542 -1.100 0.001
2455807.20626 -1.099 0.001
2455807.20708 -1.107 0.001
2455807.20791 -1.107 0.001
2455807.20876 -1.086 0.001
2455807.20959 -1.104 0.001
2455807.21042 -1.087 0.001
2455807.21124 -1.107 0.001
2455807.21209 -1.094 0.001
2455807.21293 -1.022 0.002
2455807.21377 -1.079 0.001
2455807.21465 -1.103 0.002
2455807.21547 -1.090 0.002
2455807.21630 -1.074 0.001
2455807.21715 -1.100 0.001
2455807.21799 -1.086 0.001
2455807.21883 -1.079 0.001
2455807.21966 -1.076 0.001
2455807.22050 -1.100 0.002
2455807.22134 -1.092 0.002
2455807.22218 -1.106 0.002
2455807.22303 -1.079 0.002
2455807.22386 -1.090 0.001
2455807.22473 -1.078 0.002
2455807.22558 -1.101 0.001
2455807.22644 -1.097 0.001
2455807.22729 -1.095 0.001
2455807.22813 -1.091 0.001
2455807.22898 -1.084 0.001
2455807.22982 -1.106 0.001
2455807.23067 -1.090 0.001
2455807.23153 -1.089 0.001
2455807.23239 -1.086 0.001
2455807.23325 -1.098 0.002
2455807.23410 -1.116 0.002
2455807.23496 -1.100 0.002
2455807.23584 -1.090 0.002
2455807.23671 -1.090 0.002
2455807.23755 -1.098 0.001
2455807.23842 -1.086 0.002
2455807.23933 -1.101 0.001
2455807.24021 -1.082 0.001
2455807.24107 -1.067 0.001
2455807.24193 -1.077 0.002
2455807.24281 -1.083 0.002
2455807.24366 -1.094 0.002
2455807.24451 -1.060 0.002
2455807.24538 -1.092 0.002
2455807.24626 -1.098 0.002
2455807.24712 -1.081 0.002
2455807.24798 -1.104 0.002
2455807.24886 -1.103 0.002
2455807.24974 -1.108 0.002
2455807.25062 -1.105 0.002
2455807.25149 -1.094 0.002
2455807.25237 -1.115 0.002
2455807.25324 -1.112 0.002
2455807.25409 -1.096 0.002
2455807.25496 -1.100 0.002
2455807.25584 -1.114 0.001
2455807.25672 -1.114 0.001
2455807.25760 -1.111 0.001
2455807.25845 -1.127 0.001
2455807.25933 -1.085 0.002
2455807.26025 -1.109 0.002
2455807.26107 -1.081 0.002
2455807.26195 -1.133 0.002
2455807.26281 -1.111 0.001
2455807.26369 -1.118 0.001
2455807.26455 -1.106 0.002
2455807.26542 -1.123 0.001
2455807.26631 -1.117 0.001
2455807.26719 -1.108 0.001
2455807.26806 -1.107 0.001
2455807.26894 -1.119 0.001
2455807.26981 -1.115 0.001
2455807.27068 -1.116 0.001
2455807.27157 -1.119 0.002
2455807.27246 -1.100 0.001
2455807.27336 -1.108 0.001
2455807.27427 -1.105 0.001
2455807.27514 -1.106 0.001
2455807.27602 -1.103 0.001
2455807.27690 -1.128 0.001
2455807.27778 -1.109 0.002
2455807.27867 -1.109 0.002
2455807.27955 -1.112 0.002
2455807.28049 -1.123 0.002
2455807.28139 -1.087 0.003
2455807.28226 -1.087 0.002
2455807.28317 -1.089 0.003
2455807.28407 -1.098 0.003
2455807.28496 -1.085 0.002
2455807.28587 -1.069 0.003
2455807.28676 -1.087 0.003
2455807.28767 -1.092 0.003
2455807.28857 -1.092 0.002
2455807.28946 -1.116 0.002
2455807.29034 -1.096 0.002
2455807.29128 -1.103 0.002
2455807.29218 -1.086 0.003
2455807.29307 -1.113 0.003
2455807.29401 -1.103 0.002
2455807.29496 -1.089 0.003
2455807.29586 -1.120 0.002
2455807.29677 -1.102 0.002
2455807.29769 -1.149 0.003
2455807.29859 -1.046 0.003
2455807.29951 -1.102 0.003
2455807.30041 -1.132 0.002
2455807.30134 -1.074 0.002
2455807.30225 -1.100 0.002
2455807.30315 -1.113 0.002
2455807.30406 -1.105 0.002
2455807.30502 -1.134 0.002
2455807.30593 -1.098 0.002
2455807.30685 -1.116 0.002
2455807.30777 -1.064 0.003
2455807.30869 -1.102 0.003
2455807.30960 -1.066 0.003
2455807.31053 -1.103 0.002
2455807.31144 -1.095 0.002
2455807.31237 -1.098 0.001
2455807.31330 -1.097 0.001
2455807.31423 -1.102 0.001
2455807.31518 -1.087 0.001
2455807.31611 -1.100 0.001
2455807.31702 -1.105 0.001
2455807.31793 -1.101 0.001
2455807.31891 -1.099 0.002
2455807.31983 -1.104 0.001
2455807.32076 -1.087 0.001
2455807.32170 -1.103 0.001
2455807.32261 -1.105 0.001
2455807.32355 -1.096 0.001
2455807.32449 -1.082 0.001
2455807.32543 -1.085 0.001
2455807.32638 -1.098 0.002
2455807.32730 -1.098 0.002
END OF FIXED DATA SECTION. DO NOT MAKE ANY CHANGES ABOVE THIS LINE.
The following plots were generated in the course of ETD. The upper one plots raw data, whereas the lower one plots data with correction to systematic errors by means of both linear power and parabolic fit.
The following figure plots the residuals after the fit correction.
The plots shows the airmass versus time. As seen from the graph, the altitude of the target was rising higher during the monitor since airmass kept in a tendency of decline.
Alas during the monitor the weather did not remain perfect. Interference from thin clouds was relentless. In particular the influence came to culmination after the predicted transit-egress time.
The following figure shows the star field of the target. Mouseover to see the target and five comparison stars.
The following five figures respectively illustrate the measured lightcurves of the five comparison stars, from which we can learn that the strong influence from the clouds can be appreciably seen, resulting in great similarities in all of the lightcurves, and therefore, the great residuals are foreseeable.
The depth is measured to be 0.0323 ± 0.0069 mag, slightly larger than the currently acknowledged value. The radius of HAT-P-32 b is measured as well, Rp = 2.037 -0.228+0.204 RJup, compared to the accepted one Rp = 1.789 +/- 0.025 RJup, quite good.
Copyright © Man-To Hui 2011/09/09
It was the first time that Xingming Observatory C42 and I have ever achieved the success of transiting exoplanet observations with the equipment combination 14" SCT f/6.9 + QHY9 CCD.
Overall 524 images were remotely taken by Xing Gao, from Urumqi, China at predawn on Aug 08 local time, which were later callibrated with bias, dark, and flat frames by me. Subsequently I sort these images into quituplets and the last four images formed a quardruplet, which were stacked in Astrometrica by means of median. The outcome images were fed into MPO Canopus to measure the brightness variation.
Here comes the data:
TARGET: HAT-P-32 b
DATE/TIME: 2011 Aug 07 @ 20:15
FILTER: C
TELESCOPE: SCT 0.36m f/6.9
FOCAL LENGTH: 97.40
CAMERA: QHY9 CCD
TEMP (C): -26
EXPOSURE (s): 25
EXPOSURE JD: Mid-exposure
JD CORR METHOD: Light-time
JD CORRECTION: JD = JD(raw) - 0.00000d
UNITY CORR: -5 * log(SunDist * EarthDist): N/A (Sun and/or Earth distance not computed)
NOTE: The unity correction is NOT included in the reduced magnitudes.
MAG. METHOD: Instrumental
BASE COMP VALUE: -10.518
BASE CORRECTION: +0.000
PHASE/DIST CORR: +0.000
P/D ADJUST (-/DAY):+0.000
P/D ADJUST (+/DAY):+0.000
THE P/D ADJUSTMENTS ARE NOT INCLUDED IN THE VALUES BELOW.
ERROR CALC: The magnitude error is calculated by the following:
Err = sqrt(sqr(ERR[target]) + sqr(Err[Comps]))
where Err[Target] = 1.0857/SNR[target]
Err[Comps] = sqrt(sqr(1.0857/SNR[Comp1])... + sqr(1.0857/SNR[CompN])) / N
The factor of 1.0857 converts flux to magnitudes (Howell)
*********************************************************************************************
---------------------------------
J.D. Obj-CAvg Err
---------------------------------
2455781.30046 -1.018 0.002
2455781.30127 -1.017 0.001
2455781.30208 -1.015 0.001
2455781.30288 -1.020 0.001
2455781.30369 -0.999 0.001
2455781.30449 -0.993 0.001
2455781.30530 -1.021 0.001
2455781.30611 -1.007 0.001
2455781.30692 -1.020 0.001
2455781.30775 -0.999 0.001
2455781.30856 -1.012 0.001
2455781.30938 -1.019 0.001
2455781.31020 -1.017 0.001
2455781.31105 -1.011 0.001
2455781.31187 -1.010 0.001
2455781.31268 -1.013 0.001
2455781.31351 -1.010 0.001
2455781.31436 -1.008 0.001
2455781.31519 -1.006 0.001
2455781.31602 -1.027 0.001
2455781.31683 -1.010 0.001
2455781.31768 -1.032 0.001
2455781.31849 -1.014 0.001
2455781.31932 -1.037 0.001
2455781.32017 -1.023 0.001
2455781.32099 -1.015 0.001
2455781.32183 -1.039 0.001
2455781.32266 -1.031 0.002
2455781.32349 -1.022 0.002
2455781.32432 -1.021 0.002
2455781.32516 -1.033 0.002
2455781.32599 -1.024 0.002
2455781.32681 -1.019 0.002
2455781.32764 -1.049 0.002
2455781.32848 -1.009 0.001
2455781.32930 -1.023 0.001
2455781.33013 -1.035 0.002
2455781.33098 -1.007 0.002
2455781.33183 -1.028 0.001
2455781.33269 -1.024 0.001
2455781.33352 -1.021 0.001
2455781.33438 -1.014 0.001
2455781.33521 -1.021 0.001
2455781.33605 -1.024 0.001
2455781.33689 -1.025 0.001
2455781.33773 -1.021 0.001
2455781.33856 -1.014 0.001
2455781.33939 -1.021 0.001
2455781.34024 -1.005 0.001
2455781.34108 -1.015 0.001
2455781.34194 -1.013 0.001
2455781.34281 -1.015 0.001
2455781.34366 -1.003 0.001
2455781.34451 -1.010 0.001
2455781.34538 -1.013 0.001
2455781.34624 -1.004 0.001
2455781.34709 -1.009 0.001
2455781.34796 -1.010 0.001
2455781.34881 -1.010 0.001
2455781.34968 -0.994 0.001
2455781.35054 -0.995 0.001
2455781.35138 -1.002 0.001
2455781.35225 -0.993 0.001
2455781.35311 -1.004 0.001
2455781.35396 -0.990 0.001
2455781.35483 -0.986 0.001
2455781.35568 -0.990 0.001
2455781.35657 -0.998 0.001
2455781.35741 -0.994 0.001
2455781.35826 -0.988 0.001
2455781.35913 -0.978 0.001
2455781.36001 -0.997 0.001
2455781.36089 -0.995 0.001
2455781.36173 -0.993 0.001
2455781.36259 -0.978 0.001
2455781.36349 -0.984 0.001
2455781.36436 -0.989 0.001
2455781.36523 -0.979 0.001
2455781.36609 -1.000 0.001
2455781.36696 -0.990 0.001
2455781.36783 -0.993 0.001
2455781.36869 -0.994 0.001
2455781.36954 -0.977 0.001
2455781.37043 -0.984 0.001
2455781.37129 -0.984 0.001
2455781.37216 -0.998 0.001
2455781.37305 -0.983 0.001
2455781.37393 -0.982 0.001
2455781.37481 -0.979 0.001
2455781.37568 -0.978 0.001
2455781.37655 -0.995 0.001
2455781.37741 -0.985 0.001
2455781.37829 -0.991 0.001
2455781.37918 -0.988 0.001
2455781.38006 -0.987 0.001
2455781.38094 -1.007 0.001
2455781.38181 -0.981 0.001
2455781.38270 -0.977 0.001
2455781.38358 -0.991 0.001
2455781.38448 -0.990 0.001
2455781.38536 -0.991 0.001
2455781.38624 -0.977 0.001
2455781.38714 -0.982 0.001
2455781.38802 -0.985 0.001
2455781.38878 -0.980 0.001
END OF FIXED DATA SECTION. DO NOT MAKE ANY CHANGES ABOVE THIS LINE.
The following plots were generated in the course of ETD. The upper one plots raw data, whereas the lower one plots data with correction to systematic errors by means of both linear power and parabolic fit.
The following figure plots the residuals after the fit correction.
The plots shows the airmass versus time. Clearly as seen from the graph, the altitude of the target was rising higher and higher during the observation in that the airmass kept in a tendency of decline.
Besides, I employed MaxIm DL to measure the images as well to check if there were great differences, and the result actually turned out that they were in good consistence.
The above image illustrates the comparison stars along with a checked star which were exploited to measure the brightness in MaxIm DL. Magnitude sources were taken from USNO-A 2.0 star catalog in R band, rendered in Canopus.
The above figure exhibits light curves of stars, with the notice that the squares symbol comparison stars, the cross symbols the target, while the triangle represents the checked star.
Xing Gao and I will try to monitor the transiting star. This observation failed to cover the entire process of the transit as a consequence of threatens from the brightening twilight. Therefore, the accurate transit depth cannot be boldly judged and utilized from the single observation and it will easily lead to mistaken results otherwise. I will try to compute the radius of the exoplanet along with other orbital properties when sufficient data are obtained.
Furthermore, after mastering the accurate shape of the light curve, we should be able to examine limb darkening effect of the star, although I do not know if there is any new knowledge that enable me to dig out. But at least, I find it will certainly intrigue me to deserve an attempt, however meaningful it will be. It will be obsessive, enough already!
Copyright © Man-To Hui 2011/08/12
Feel free to e-mail me with any doubts or questions.